What is 设计?

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阅读以下有关设计的文章。写一篇博客文章回应。
设计是名词
除非您生活在旷野，否则您是人造环境的居民。随处可见，您可以找到经过精心设计的产品。从您起床到睡觉的时间，您一定会在日常生活中遇到设计难题。我们被设计所包围，无论是物体，空间，景观和街道景观，还是通讯或运输系统。

设计 is not an instantaneous act or event. Sidewalks and streets do not fall from the sky and land in their proper places. Our toothbrushes do not magically appear in our hands when we need them. Someone is responsible for all the things we consume, use, and interact with everyday. Every moment, we encounter a set of solutions to a problem that has been considered by someone.

在你的素描本中写“Design is”在顶部。接下来，环顾教室，并记下他们看到的所有不同的设计示例。 写下每个示例。例如，这些可以是桌子，椅子，书籍，海报和衣服。 

书是图形设计的一个例子，而计算机和铅笔则被认为是 工业设计。您可以将探索范围扩展到教室的设计（即室内设计）或教学楼本身（即建筑）。

设计是动词
“Design” does not only refer to places and things; it is also the process of planning, evaluating, and implementing a plan or solution to a problem. 设计ers often start with a problem: For example, a school that needs sturdy, affordable chairs for students. The first step in the design process is a brainstorm of possible solutions. This brainstorm could take the form of words, sketches, or even photographs that articulate the designer’的想法。表达想法后，设计师将为眼前的问题选择最佳解决方案，然后咨询工程师，后者将帮助您制作样品。有时通过用户测试来评估该样本，以确保设计解决方案在功能和美学上都是可行的。

•测试一个想法是否有价值？他们是否尝试过一种新的做事方式？

设计ers navigate between the aesthetics and functionality of an object through each and every stage of the process from concept to final product. According to designer and artist Ray Eames, “外观可以改变，但是有效的方法可以起作用。”[雷·伊姆斯（Ray Eames），引用在“查尔斯和雷·伊姆斯的作品：家具” (Library of Congress/Vitra 设计 Museum),http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/eames/furniture.html。]

• Have  您曾经在生活中应用过这种过程吗？考虑一个您认为是好的设计示例的对象，并描述它的形式和功能。您选择的对象在形式和功能上是否满足您的需求。

如 消费者 在日常用品中，我们在设计过程中扮演着重要角色。虽然他们不’设计师们不认识我们每个人，所以经常请消费者评估和响应他们创造的事物，以证明其功能。如果消费者对某种事物的工作方式不满意，他们可能会赢得’不想使用它，设计师敏锐地意识到了这一事实。从决定手机的新形状或颜色到在地铁上可以坐下的宽度，设计公司在很大程度上依靠市场研究和消费者投入，进行广泛的研究。

Each design problem or situation has a unique set of criteria that must be addressed. Identifying needs or problems, brainstorming possible solutions, testing ideas, and evaluating them are all part of the design process. In some cases an existing idea is refined and in other cases a totally new concept is created, but the processes are similar. With every year that passes, technologies of rendering and manufacturing change. 设计ers need to be aware of these new and emerging technologies and of how they could affect the design and production of five, five hundred, or five hundred thousand objects.

设计过程概述
设计 Process:

定义问题
收集信息和研究
产生解决方案
评估并选择合适的解决方案
实施选择
评价整合反馈

www.moma.org/collection，以获取更多设计示例。